¿ËÈÕ£¬ËÄ´¨Ò»Î»ÔÐÂèÂèÔÚÒ½ÔºµÄ²úǰɸ²éÖз¢Ã÷Ì¥¶ù¿ÉÄÜΪǶºÏÌ峬ÐÛ×ÛºÏÕ÷¡£Ëæºó£¬ËýÔÚÉ罻ƽ̨ÉÏÌᳫÇóÖú£¬Òý·¢ÁËÆÕ±éµÄÉç»á¹Ø×¢ºÍÌÖÂÛ¡£Ðí¶àÍøÓÑÔÚ̸ÂÛÇø±í´ïÁ˶Գ¬ÐÛ×ÛºÏÕ÷µÄµ£ÐÄ£¬ÉõÖÁ½«ÆäÓ뱩Á¦ºÍ·¸·¨ÐÐΪÁªÏµÆðÀ´¡£
ÄÇô£¬ÊÂʵʲôÊdz¬ÐÛ×ÛºÏÕ÷£¿Ê²Ã´ÊÇǶºÏ£¿»á´øÀ´Ê²Ã´Ó°Ï죿ɸ²é³ö³¬ÐÛ×ÛºÏÕ÷Ó¦¸ÃÔõô°ì£¿ÈÃÎÒÃÇÒ»ÆðÀ´ÉîÈëÏàʶһÏ¡£
³¬ÐÛ×ÛºÏÕ÷ÊÇÒ»ÖÖÐÔȾɫÌåÒì³£µÄÒÅ´«ÐÔ¼²²¡
³¬ÐÛ×ÛºÏÕ÷£¬¼´XYY×ÛºÏÕ÷£¬ÊÇÒ»ÖÖÐÔȾɫÌåÒì³£µÄÒÅ´«ÐÔ¼²²¡£¬ÓÉSandburgÔÚ1961ÄêÊ״ᨵÀ[1]¡£¸Ã¼²²¡Îª×î³£¼ûµÄÄÐÐÔÐÔȾɫÌå¼²²¡Ö®Ò»£¬ÔÚÄÐÐÔÓ¤¶ùÖУ¬¸Ã²¡·¢²¡ÂÊԼΪ1/1000¡£
³¬ÐÛ×ÛºÏÕ÷»¼ÕßȾɫÌåºËÐÍ
Õý³£ÄÐÐÔµÄÐÔȾɫÌåÊÇ¡°46£¬XY¡±£¬¶ø³¬ÐÛ×ÛºÏÕ÷»¼Õß±ÈÕý³£ÄÐÐÔ¶àÁËÒ»ÌõYȾɫÌ壬¼´È¾É«ÌåºËÐÍΪ¡°47£¬XYY¡±¡£Ïêϸ³ÉÒò¶àΪÎÞÒâÐÔµÄз¢Í»±ä£¬¼´Õý³£¸¸Ç×µÄϸÄå°ûÔÚµÚ¶þ´Î¼õÊýÆÆËéʱÒÅ´«ÎïÖÊδÕý³£ÊèÉ¢£¬ÐγÉÒì³£¾«×Ó£¨YY£©£¬ÆäÓëÕý³£ÂÑ×Ó£¨X£©ÍŽáºóÐγÉÒì³£Êܾ«ÂÑ£¨XYY£©£¬Ò²ÓкÜÉÙÒ»²¿·Ö»¼ÕßÊÇÒÅ´«×Ô¸¸Ç×[2]¡£
³¬ÐÛ×ÛºÏÕ÷»¼Õߵķ¸·¨ÐÐΪ¿ÉÄÜÊǺóÌìÒòËØ×ÛºÏ×÷ÓõÄЧ¹û
´ó¶¼ÎÄÏ×Ñо¿Åú×¢£¬³ÉÄêºóµÄ³¬ÐÛ×ÛºÏÕ÷»¼Õߣ¬Ö÷ÒªÌåÏÖΪÉí¶Î¸ß¾þ¡¢ÖÇÁ¦·¢Óý´¦ÓÚÕý³£Ë®Æ½»òÇá¶ÈϽµ×´Ì¬£¨²¿·Ö»¼ÕßÓÐѧϰÕÏ°µÈÌåÏÖ£©£¬×¢ÖØÁ¦È±ÏݶදÕÏ°¼°×Ô±ÕÖ¢Æ×ϵÕÏ°µÄ»¼²¡Î£º¦Ôö¸ß£¬´ó¶¼¾ßÓÐÕý³£µÄÉúÓýÄÜÁ¦£¨²¿·Ö»¼ÕßغÍ蹦ЧµÍÏ»òÉúÓýÄÜÁ¦½µµÍ£©¡£
20ÊÀ¼Í60ÄêÔ£¬Jacobs PAµÈÈËÔøÌá³ö³¬ÐÛ×ÛºÏÕ÷»¼ÕßÏà½ÏÓÚͨË×È˸üÈÝÒ×·ºÆð±©Á¦/¹¥»÷ÐÐΪ£¬ÕâÒ²ÊÇËùν¡°ÌìÉú×ï·¸¡±±êÇ©µÄ×î³õȪԴ¡£µ«ÒÔºóÓжàÏîÑо¿Åú²µÁËÕâÒ»¿´·¨¡£ÕâЩÑо¿[3,4]Ö¸³ö£¬´ó´ó¶¼³¬ÐÛ×ÛºÏÕ÷»¼ÕßÔÚÉç½»ºÍÐÐΪÌåÏÖÉÏÓëÕý³£ÄÐÐÔûÓÐÏÔÖøÐÔ²î±ð£¬¶ø²¿·Ö³¬ÐÛ×ÛºÏÕ÷»¼Õߵķ¸·¨ÐÐΪ£¬¿ÉÄÜÊǺóÌìÉç»áÇéÐεȶàÖÖÒòËØ×ÛºÏ×÷ÓõÄЧ¹û¡£
ÓÉÓڸò¡¸öÌåµÄÁÙ´²ÒìÖÊÐԽϸߣ¬ÇÒÔÚ¶ùͯÆÚ¶àÎÞÌØÕ÷ÐÔÁÙ´²Ö¢×´£¬Òò´ËÐí¶à³¬ÐÛ×ÛºÏÕ÷»¼Õß±»ÑÓ³ÙÕï¶ÏÉõÖÁÖÕÉíδȷÕï¡£½üÄêÀ´£¬Ëæ×Ųúǰɸ²éÓëÕï¶ÏÊÖÒÕµÄÉú³¤£¬ÁÙ´²ÉÏȾɫÌåºËÐÍΪXYYµÄÌ¥¶ù¼ì³öÂÊÓÐËùÔöÌí¡£
ǶºÏÔÚ¸öÌåÖв¢²»ÓÐÊý£¬×Ô¼º²¢²»Ö²¡
ÈôÊÇһСÎÒ˽¼Òͬʱ¾ßÓÐÁ½ÖÖ»òÁ½ÖÖÒÔÉϲî±ðºËÐ͵Äϸ°ûϵ£¬¼´ÎªÇ¶ºÏÌ壬ͨ³£¿É·ÖΪ£º
ͬԴǶºÏÌ壺ָËùÓÐϸ°ûϵȪԴÓÚͳһ¸öºÏ×Ó£¬ÕâÖÖÇéÐδó¶¼ÎªÅßÌ¥·¢ÓýµÄ²î±ð½×¶Î±¬·¢ÁË»ùÒòÍ»±äºó·ºÆðÁËÈ«ÉíÐÔ»ò×éÖ¯²¿·ÖÐÔǶºÏÌå¡£
ÒìԴǶºÏÌ壺ָµÄÊÇÈËÌåÄÚͬʱ±£´æȪԴÓÚ²î±ðºÏ×ÓµÄÁ½¸ö»òÁ½¸öÒÔÉϵÄϸ°ûϵ£¬³£¼ûÓÚ¹ÇËèÒÆÖ²£»Ò²¿ÉÄÜΪÒìÂÑË«Éúʱ£¬ÆäÖÐÒ»¸öÅßÌ¥ÔÚÓÐÉí½ÏÔçʱÆÚéæÃüºó£¬Æ䲿·Öϸ°û±»ËûµÄÂÏÉúÐֵܽãÃá°ÎüÊÕ¡±µ¼Ö¡£
ǶºÏ¿ÉÄܵ¼ÖÂÈËÌåµÄ²î±ð²¿·ÖÌåÏÖ·×Æ磨ÈçijЩ¼²²¡ÔÚǶºÏÌåÖнöÔÚÉíÌåµÄÌض¨²¿Î»ÌåÏÖ³ö²¡Ö¢£©£¬ÆäÖÐÉúֳϸ°ûµÄǶºÏ¿ÉÄܵ¼ÖÂ×ÓÅ®µÄÒÅ´«ÐÅÏ¢Óë×ÔÉí·×ÆçÖ¡£
×ܶøÑÔÖ®£¬Ç¶ºÏÊÇ×ÔÈ»½çµÄ³£¼ûÕ÷Ïó£¬ÔÚ¸öÌåÖÐÒ²²¢²»ÓÐÊý£¬Æä×Ô¼º²¢²»Ö²¡¡£Ç¶ºÏÌåµÄÁÙ´²ÌåÏÖºÜÄÑÆÀ¹À£¬Ò»Ñùƽ³£À´ËµÊÇÍŽáÏêϸµÄȾɫÌå/»ùÒòÒì³£ÀàÐÍ¡¢Ò쳣ϸ°ûµÄÕ¼±È¡¢Ò쳣ϸ°ûϵµÄ×éÖ¯ÂþÑܵÈÀ´Õ¹Íû¿ÉÄܵÄÁÙ´²Ï³¡¡£
ɸ²é³ö³¬ÐÛ×ÛºÏÕ÷Ó¦¸ÃÔõô°ì£¿
¹ØÓÚѪÇåѧɸ²é»òÎÞ´´²úÇ°¼ì²â£¨NIPT»òNIPT-plus£©µÈɸ²éЧ¹ûÌáÐÑÐÔȾɫÌåÒì³£µÄÔи¾£¬¿ÉÒÔ¾ÓÉÑòË®´©´ÌµÈ·½·¨ÊÕÂÞÑù±¾£¬¾ÙÐкËÐÍÆÊÎö»òCMA/CNV-seqµÈ¼ì²â£¬×ö½øÒ»²½µÄ²úÇ°Õï¶Ï¡£
¹ØÓÚÕï¶Ï³ö³¬ÐÛ×ÛºÏÕ÷Ì¥¶ùµÄ¼ÒÍ¥£¬Ò½ÉúÓ¦¿Í¹Û¼û¸æ¸ÃÀ໼¶ù¿ÉÄÜ·ºÆðµÄÁÙ´²Ï³¡£¬ÓɼÒÍ¥ÊÓ×ÔÉíÇéÐξöÒéÊÇ·ñ¼ÌÐøÈÑÉï¡£
ËäÈ»£¬³¬ÐÛ×ÛºÏÕ÷ÉÐÎÞ·¨ÖÎÓú£¬µ«Í¨¹ýÔçÆÚ¸ÉÔ¤ºÍ¿Æѧ¹ÜÀí£¬¿ÉÒÔÏÔÖø¸ÄÉÆ»¼ÕßµÄÉúÑÄÖÊÁ¿£¬Ê¹ÆäÓµÓÐÓëͨË×ÈËÒ»ÑùµÄÉúÑÄ¡£ÏÖÔÚ£¬Ö÷ÒªµÄ¸ÉÔ¤ºÍ¹ÜÀíÕ½ÂÔÓУº
½ÌÓýÖ§³Ö£ºÎª»¼ÕßÌṩ¸öÐÔ»¯µÄ½ÌÓýÍýÏ룬ÌØÊâÊÇÔÚÓïÑÔºÍÔĶÁ·½Ãæ¸øÓè¸ü¶à×ÊÖú¡£×¨ÃŵĽÌÓýÖ§³Ö¿ÉÒÔ×ÊÖúËûÃÇսʤѧϰÄÑÌ⣬ÌáÉýѧҵЧ¹û¡£
ÐÐΪÖÎÁÆ£ºÕë¶Ô¶à¶¯Ö¢ºÍ×¢ÖØÁ¦È±ÏݵÈÐÐΪÎÊÌ⣬ÐÐΪÖÎÁƺÍÐÄÀíÏòµ¼¿ÉÒÔÌṩÓÐÓÃ×ÊÖú¡£ºÃ±Èͨ³£ÈÏÖªÐÐΪÁÆ·¨£¨CBT£©£¬×ÊÖú»¼Õ߸ÄÉÆ×¢ÖØÁ¦ºÍ¿ØÖƼ¤¶¯¡£
Ò½ÁƼà¿Ø£º°´ÆÚ¾ÙÐпµ½¡¼ì²é£¬ÌØÊâÊǹØ×¢¿ÉÄܱ£´æµÄغÍ蹦ЧµÍϺÍÆäËûÓëÉúÖ³Ïà¹ØµÄÎÊÌ⣬ÒÔ¼°ÆäËûDZÔڵĿµ½¡ÎÊÌâ¡£
ÉÐÓÐÄÄЩÒÅ´«ÐÔ¼²²¡¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ýɸ²éÖ¸µ¼ÓÅÉúÓÅÓý
³ýÁ˳¬ÐÛ×ÛºÏÕ÷£¬È¾É«ÌåÒì³£µ¼ÖµÄÒÅ´«ÐÔ¼²²¡»¹°üÀ¨£ºÈ¾É«ÌåÊýÄ¿Òì³£µ¼ÖµÄÌÆÊÏ×ÛºÏÕ÷¡¢ÌØÄÉ×ÛºÏÕ÷¡¢¿ËÊÏ×ÛºÏÕ÷µÈ£»È¾É«Ìå½á¹¹Òì³£µ¼ÖµÄè½Ð×ÛºÏÕ÷µÈ¡£½¨ÒéÔи¾ÔÚÔÐ12ÖÜÖ®ºó£¬ÊÕÂÞÍâÖÜѪ¾ÙÐÐNIPT»òNIPT-plus¼ì²â£¬¶ÔÉÏÊö³£¼ûµÄȾɫÌåÒì³£¼²²¡¾ÙÐÐɸ²é¡£
±ðµÄ£¬Õë¶Ôµ¥»ùÒòÍ»±äÒý·¢µÄÒÅ´«ÐÔ¼²²¡£¬×¼ÂèÂèÃÇ¿ÉÒÔÔÚ±¸ÔÐÆÚ/ÔÐÔçÆÚ¾ÙÐе¥»ùÒòÒÅ´«²¡Ð¯´øÕßɸ²é£¬Ïàʶ×ÔÉíÓëÅäżµÄÏà¹ØÉúÓýΣº¦£¬´Ó¶ø¿Æѧָµ¼ºóÐøµÄÈÑÉï¹ÜÀí¡£
mg±ùÇòÍ»ÆƹÙÍøÍøÕ¾¶àÄêÀ´Éî¸ûÉúÖ³¿µ½¡ÓëÒÅ´«ÁìÓò£¬ÒÀÍиßͨÁ¿²âÐò¡¢Ò»´ú²âÐò¡¢PCRµÈרҵµÄÊÖÒÕƽ̨ºÍÇ¿Ê¢µÄʵÑéÊÒר¼Ò¼°±¨¸æ½â¶ÁÍŶӣ¬Ìṩ´ÓÔÐǰɸ²é¡¢²úÇ°£¨ÔÐÆÚ£©É¸²éµ½²úÇ°Õï¶Ï£¬ÔÙµ½ÐÂÉú¶ùɸ²éÓëÕï¶ÏµÄÈ«ÉúÓýÖÜÆÚÒÅ´«Ñ§¼ì²âÏîÄ¿£¬ÎªÃ¿¸ö¼ÒÍ¥Ìṩ¿ÆѧרҵµÄÉúÓýÖ¸µ¼£¬ÊØ»¤Ã¿Ò»´ÎÐÂÉú¡£
²Î¿¼ÎÄÏ×
[1] Sandberg A, Koepf F, Ishihara T, et al. "An XYY human male"[J]. Lancet, 1961, 278 (7200): 488-489.
[2] ¡¶ÄÐÐÔÉúÖ³ÒÅ´«Ñ§¼ì²éר¼Ò¹²Ê¶¡·±àд×é,ÖлªÒ½Ñ§»áÄпÆѧ·Ö»á.ÄÐÐÔÉúÖ³ÒÅ´«Ñ§¼ì²éר¼Ò¹²Ê¶[J].ÖлªÄпÆѧÔÓÖ¾,2015,21(12):1138-1142.
[3] Jodarski C , Duncan R , Torres E ,et al.Correction to: Understanding the phenotypic spectrum and family experiences of XYY syndrome: Important considerations for genetic counseling[J].Journal of Community Genetics, 2023, 14(1):27-27.
[4] Davis SM, Bloy L, Roberts TPL, et al. Testicular function in boys with 47, XYY and relationship to phenotype. Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet. 2020; 184(2):371¨C385.
[5] Biesecker L G,Spinner N B. A genomic view of mosaicism and human disease[J]. Nature ReviewsGenetics, 2013, 14(5): 307-320.
[6] Cao, Y., Tokita, M.J., Chen, E.S. et al. A clinical survey of mosaic single nucleotide variants in disease-causing genes detected by exome sequencing[J]. Genome Med 11, 48 (2019).